This study aims to examine the correlation between knowledge of game rules and physical condition and the performance of football referees in the South Sulawesi provincial association. The research population consisted of football referees from the South Sulawesi provincial association. A sample of 30 people was taken based on purposive sampling. The referee's performance was the dependent variable of the study, whereas knowledge of game rules and physical condition were the independent variables. The research method employed a descriptive approach. The research data were analyzed using correlational techniques at a 95% significance level. The results of the study reveal that: (1) there is a significant correlation between knowledge of game rules and referee’s performance with a correlation value (r) of 0.746 and a contribution of 55.6%; (2) there is a significant correlation between the referee's physical condition and the referee's performance with a correlation value (r) of 0.751 and a contribution of 56.4%; and (3) there is a correlation between knowledge of game rules and physical condition collectively on referee’s performance with a correlation value (r) of 0.824 and a contribution of 68.4%.
Downloads
- Aragao e Pina, J., Passos, A. M., Carvalho, H., & Travis Maynard, M. (2019). To be or not to be an excellent football referee: Different experts’ viewpoints. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(6), 692-700.
- Bai, L., Gedik, R., & Egilmez, G. (2023). What does it take to win or lose a soccer game? A machine learning approach to understand the impact of game and team statistics. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 74(7), 1690-1711.
- Cid, M. S., & García, A. L. G. (2019). The interaction between audio and the video assistant referee in football. In The use of video technologies in refereeing football and other sports (pp. 70-85). Routledge.
- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
- de Morais, J. V. (2012). The unsettled law: disputes and negotiations on the meanings of the offside law of Football Association in the English Premier League, 2003–2009. Soccer & Society, 13(4), 459-478.
- Devís-Devís, J., Serrano-Durá, J., & Molina, P. (2021). “The referee plays to be insulted!”: An exploratory qualitative study on the Spanish football referees’ experiences of aggression, violence, and coping. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 656437.
- e Pina, J. A., Passos, A., Araújo, D., & Maynard, M. T. (2018). Football refereeing: An integrative review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 35, 10-26.
- Eylon, Y., & Horowitz, A. (2018). Games, rules, and practices. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy, 12(3), 241-254.
- Fariña, A. R., Fábrica, G., Tambusso, P. S., & Alonso, R. (2013). Taking the goalkeeper’s side in association football penalty kicks. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 13(1), 96-109.
- Fikri, A., & Hardiyono, B. (2021). Efektivitas Model Latihan Kekuatan Otot Tungkai Menggunakan Karet Terhadap Jauhnya Tendangan Pemain Sepakbola PS Palembang U17. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 10(2), 215-224.
- Firek, W., Płoszaj, K., & Czechowski, M. (2020). Pedagogical function of referees in youth sport: Assessment of the quality of referee–player interactions in youth soccer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 905.
- Greenfield, S., & Osborn, G. (2001). Regulating football: commodification, consumption and the law. Pluto Press.
- Herman, H., & Hasbillah, M. (2022). Hubungan Keseimbangan, Kelincahan Dan Koordinasi Mata-Kaki Terhadap Kemampuan Menggiring Bola Dalam Permainan Sepak Bola. Sportify Journal, 2(1), 9-16.
- Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2011). Physiology of small-sided games training in football: a systematic review. Sports medicine, 41, 199-220.
- Jaya, I. M. L. M. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif: Teori, penerapan, dan riset nyata. Anak Hebat Indonesia.
- Kusuma, D. W. C. W., Salabi, M., & Marzuki, I. (2023). Karakter Fairplay dalam Olahraga Sepak Bola: Perspektif Pelatih, Atlet, dan Wasit. Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education, 9(1).
- Kuswoyo, D. D., Pramono, H., & RC, A. R. (2017). Kontribusi percaya diri, konsentrasi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja wasit persatuan sepak bola seluruh Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Journal of Physical Education and Sports, 6(3), 241-247.
- Lembo, C. (2011). FIFA transfers regulations and UEFA player eligibility rules: major changes in European football and the negative effect on minors. Emory Int'l L. Rev., 25, 539.
- Moriconi, M., & De Cima, C. (2021). Why some football referees engage in match-fixing? A sociological explanation of the influence of social structures. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 13(4), 545-563.
- Parrish, C., & Nauright, J. (2014). Soccer around the world: a cultural guide to the world's favorite sport. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
- Sahrianoor, I. H., Andrian, M., & Rezal, M. Z. (2023). Pemahaman Wasit Dalam Peraturan Sepak Bola Perspektif Islam. Islamic Education, 1(1), 1-9.
- Salam, F. A., Hita, I. P. A. D., & Juliansyah, M. A. (2021). Aksiologi Penggunaan Var Dalam Industri Olahraga. Jurnal Penjakora, 8(2), 106-113.
- Slack, L. A., Maynard, I. W., Butt, J., & Olusoga, P. (2013). Factors underpinning football officiating excellence: Perceptions of English Premier League referees. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 25(3), 298-315.
- Tawakal, T., & Munzir, M. (2023). Pengembangan Standar Fisik Dan Non Fisik Wasit Sepakbola Asosiasi Pssi Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jurnal Penjaskesrek, 10(2), 104-115.
- van Biemen, T., Oudejans, R. R. D., Savelsbergh, G. J. P., Zwenk, F., & Mann, D. L. (2023). Into the eyes of the referee: A comparison of elite and sub-elite football referees’ on-field visual search behaviour when making foul judgements. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(1), 78-90.
Copyright (c) 2024 ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Imam Suyudi, Nukhrawi Nawir, M. Sahib Saleh, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Ria Hasyiriani Hasyim, Overview in the Field of Physical Education and Sports: Leg Power, Agility, Flexibility, and Speed to the T-Kick Ability of Martial Arts Athletes , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): June
- Muh. Akhir, Suwardi Suwardi, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Ilham Kamaruddin, Underhand Passing Ability of Middle School Extracurricular Volleyball Students: Push Up and Pull Up Exercises , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Nirmawati Nur, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Suwardi Suwardi, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Ahmad Adil, Distance Variation Approach in Elementary School Students: Learning Outcomes of Underhand Passing , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Abd Rajab, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Ilham Kamaruddin, Ahmad Adil, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Influence of Arm Muscle Strength and Concentration on Badminton Long Service Ability in Elementary Schools , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Rais Pagayang, Benny Badaru, Wahyuddin Wahyuddin, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Suwardi Suwardi, Sepak Takraw Sports Development Management in Improving Soft Skills and Student Achievement in Educational Units , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): September
- Budi Nurhidayat, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Ilham Kamaruddin, Ahmad Adil, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Improving Long Jump Learning Outcomes Through Middle School Students' Hopscotch Game , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Arfin Uly, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Ahmad Adil, Ilham Kamaruddin, Fahrizal Fahrizal, The Effect of Drill Training on Underhand Passing Ability in High School Students , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Sulham Sukardi, Suwardi Suwardi, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Ahmad Adil, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Traditional Massallo Game Approach Model in Elementary School: Foot Reaction Speed in Badminton , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Asri A, Ahmad Adil, Fahrizal Fahrizal, Suwardi Suwardi, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Drill Methods in Sepak Takraw Learning for Middle School Students: A Study of Sepak Sila Ability , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Albert Pawarrangan, Juhanis Juhanis, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Muhammad Ishak, Muhammad Rachmat Kasmad, Comparing High Lob and Roll Pointing in South Sulawesi Petanque Athletes , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): June
Similar Articles
- Candrini Candrini, Muh Adnan Hudain, Rusli Rusli, Effects of Repetitive, Varied Training, and Mental Visualization on High Schoolers' Badminton Service Accuracy , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): September - December
- Hasmyati Hasmyati, Nur Indah Atifah Anwar, Muhammad Akbar Syafruddin, Alimin Hamzah, Educational Video-Based Play Methods in Physical Education Learning: Social Emotional of Children with Special Needs , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): September
- Muhammad Aang Chunaifi, Irvan Sir, Atmam Amir, Rounders Game Learning for Class V Mis Bustanul Ulum Badas: A Study Basic Skill Level , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): March
- Supratman Supratman, Andi Ihsan, Benny Badaru, Balance, Leg Power, and Motivation as Determinants of Shooting Skills in Islamic High School Football , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): March
- Alfurqan Arrahman Usman, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Sudirman Sudirman, Positional Differences in VO2max Among Youth Football Players in a School-Based Sports Program , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): September - December
- Fransiskus Saferius Nitit, Suwardi Suwardi, Suriah Hanafi, Application of Service Duel Approach to Improve High Secondary School Students' Badminton Backhand Serve Accuracy , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): September - December
- Sakinah Sakinah, Mubarik Mubarik, Pathuddin Pathuddin, Alfisyahra Alfisyahra, Elementary School Student's Mathematical Literacy Skills: My Trip Math Adventure Game Learning Media , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Nur Najemunnisa, Ahmad Adil, Andi Ridwan, Physical and Cognitive Predictors of Badminton Short Serve Mastery in High School , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): September
- Nuraini Nuraini, Muhammad Rahmad Kasmad, Muh. Adnan Hudain, Leg Muscle Endurance and Middle-Distance Running Performance Among High School Athletic Extracurricular Students , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): September - December
- Al Qadri Ilmi Sukisman Putra, Wahyuddin Wahyuddin, Muh. Sahib Saleh, Juhanis Juhanis, Muh. Adnan Hudain, The Influence of Dynamic Passing and Concentration on Increasing the Football Passing Ability of Students , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): June
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.


















