Development and Validation of the SELFIE Scale for English Pre-Service Teachers' Instructional Self-Efficacy

Nelson F. Padchonga 1 Philippines , Novelyn L. Alitan 1 Philippines , Cecil G. Abilang 1 Philippines , Ceria Mae G. Simalong 1 Philippines
1 Department of Secondary Education, Benguet State University, Philippines
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Published 2026-09-01
Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026) PAGES 64-79
DOI 10.51574/ijrer.v6i1.5304
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This study developed and validated the Self-Efficacy in English Language for Instructional Effectiveness (SELFIE) Scale, an instrument designed to measure the perceived instructional competence of English pre-service teachers. Anchored on a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design, the study first gathered qualitative data from college supervisors, cooperating teachers, and English pre-service teachers to identify the knowledge, skills, and attitudes deemed essential for internship readiness. Thematic analysis organized these expectations into the domains of knowledge, skills, and attitudes, which informed the construction of an initial 100-item instrument. The quantitative phase then established the scale's psychometric soundness. Three experts in English education and educational assessment evaluated each item's relevance and clarity, producing high item-level and scale-level content validity indices. Pilot testing with 269 English pre-service teachers revealed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.986). Exploratory Factor Analysis confirmed a three-factor structure consistent with the knowledge-skills-attitudes framework, explaining 51.7% of the total variance, while Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported the model's adequacy through acceptable fit indices. Findings affirm that the SELFIE Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing English pre-service teachers' self-efficacy in instructional effectiveness. Its application may enhance teacher preparation programs by informing curriculum refinement, guiding pre-internship interventions, and supporting evidence-based evaluation of student teachers' instructional readiness

Padchonga, N. F., Alitan, N. L., Abilang, C. G., & Simalong, C. M. G. (2026). Development and Validation of the SELFIE Scale for English Pre-Service Teachers’ Instructional Self-Efficacy . ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review , 6(1), 64–79. https://doi.org/10.51574/ijrer.v6i1.5304
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nelson F. Padchonga, Novelyn L. Alitan, Cecil G. Abilang, Ceria Mae G. Simalong

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Keywords
English Pre-Service Teachers SELFIE Self-Efficacy Teacher Education