Co-Curricular Model Design in Overcoming Bullying Practices in Phase F Students in Senior High School

Wardi Wardi 1 Indonesia , Hasbi Hasbi 1 Indonesia , Bustanul Iman RN 1 Indonesia
1 Department of Islamic Religious Education, Postgraduate, Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo
Link Copied!
Published 2025-09-03
Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025) PAGES 1195-1207
DOI 10.51574/ijrer.v4i4.3807
Views / Downloads 241 222

The ongoing prevalence of bullying among phase F students, which affects their psychological and learning processes, motivates this research. The purpose of this research is to develop a co-curricular model based on Islamic religious education in the form of additional learning manuals to reduce bullying behavior and foster positive character in students. This research uses the research and development method (Research and Development) with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects are phase F students and Islamic Religious Education teachers, while the research object is in the form of co-curricular guidebook products. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, with qualitative and quantitative descriptive data analysis. The results of the study indicated that bullying practices in schools appeared in physical (hitting) and verbal (mocking and disruptive) forms. The co-curricular handbook products developed have undergone validity and practicality tests, yielding average results of 85.50% (very valid) and 87.50% (efficient), indicating that they are suitable for use. Thus, the development of an Islamic religious education-based co-curricular model can be an effective strategy for suppressing bullying practices while contributing to the formation of students' character and enriching Islamic educational literature.

Wardi, W., Hasbi, H., & Iman RN, B. (2025). Co-Curricular Model Design in Overcoming Bullying Practices in Phase F Students in Senior High School. ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review , 4(4), 1195–1207. https://doi.org/10.51574/ijrer.v4i4.3807
More Citation Formats
Download Citation

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
  1. Adams, W. K., & Wieman, C. E. (2011). Development and Validation of Instruments to Measure Learning of Expert‐Like Thinking. International Journal of Science Education, 33(9), 1289–1312. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2010.512369
  2. Agung, B. (2025). Transformasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Analisis Filosofis dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik. Nizamiyah: Jurnal Sains, Sosial Dan Multidisiplin, 1(2), 92–104. https://doi.org/10.64691/nizamiyah.v1i2.41
  3. Anjani, V. A. (2024). Cyberbullying dan Dinamika Hukum di Indonesia: Paradoks Ruang Maya dalam Interaksi Sosial di Era Digital. Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan Dan Politik Islam, 4(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.14421/cyg94d68
  4. Anwar, Z., Karwadi, K., & Masrifatin, Y. (2024). Analisis Program Anti Bullying sebagai Penunjang Karakter Profil Pelajar Pancasila di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Mentari : Journal of Islamic Primary School, 2(1), 14–25. https://www.ejournal.staimnglawak.ac.id/index.php/ment/article/view/1418
  5. Dahlan, N. (2018). Penerapan Assertive Training Untuk Meningkatkan Keterbukaandiri (Self Disclosure) Korban Perilaku Bullying Verbal Siswa Di SMA Negeri 16 Makassar. Prosiding Seminar Nasional STKIP Andi Matappa Pangkep, 1(1), 129–135. https://journal.matappa.ac.id/index.php/SemNas/article/view/162
  6. Dahlia, B., Azzahra, D. salsabilah, Azzahra, A. R., Dewi, S. P., Gunawan, F. A., & Abdillah, R. (2025). Luka Batin Tak Terlihat: Dampak Bullying pada Kesehatan Psikologis Siswa. Vitalitas Medis : Jurnal Kesehatan Dan Kedokteran, 2(1), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.62383/vimed.v2i1.1182
  7. Dasein, B. M. (2017). Freedom to Learn for the 80’s. Educational Review, 69(2), 266–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2016.1257558
  8. El Zaatari, W., & Maalouf, I. (2022). How the Bronfenbrenner bio-ecological system theory explains the development of students’ sense of belonging to school?. Sage Open, 12(4), 21582440221134089. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221134089
  9. Faizah, W. N., & Suttrisno. (2025). Implementasi Kokurikuler Terintegrasi dalam Pembelajaran Seni Budaya di SD/MI Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmiah Multidisipliner, 2(02), 706–713. https://ojs.ruangpublikasi.com/index.php/jpim/article/view/768
  10. Gaffney, H., Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2021). Effectiveness of school‐based programs to reduce bullying perpetration and victimization: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis. Campbell systematic reviews, 17(2), e1143. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1143
  11. Gustiani, S. (2019). Research and development (R&D) method as a model design in educational research and its alternatives. Holistics (Hospitality and Linguistics): Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa Inggris, 11(2). https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/holistic/article/view/1849/0
  12. Hanapi, J., Amaluddin, A., Jusrianti, J., Sutriana, S., & Hasnita, H. (2025). Pengembangan Keterampilan Sosial Siswa melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Menengah. Sulawesi Tenggara Educational Journal, 5(1), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.54297/seduj.v5i1.1121
  13. Hidayati, L. N., & Amalia, R. (2021). Psychological Impacts On Adolescent Victims Of Bullying: Phenomenology Study. Media Keperawatan Indonesia, 4(3), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.26714/mki.4.3.2021.201-207
  14. Hidayatullah, E. (2024). Rekonstruksi Konseptual Pendidikan Holistik: Pendekatan Fenomenologis terhadap Inklusivitas dan Kesadaran Sosial. Jurnal Studi Edukasi Integratif, 1(1), 55–68. https://pustaka.biz.id/journal/jsei/article/view/11
  15. Hikmah, N. (2025). Model Pembelajaran PAI yang Berbasis Keterampilan Sosial: Pendekatan untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa. Jurnal Kualitas Pendidikan, 3(1), 292–297.
  16. Huberman, M., & Miles, M. B. (2002). The Qualitative Researcher’s Companion. SAGE.
  17. Jenri, A., & Pitri Solida, S. (2023). Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi. Penerbit Adab.
  18. Li, C., Wang, P., Martin-Moratinos, M., Bella-Fernández, M., & Blasco-Fontecilla, H. (2024). Traditional bullying and cyberbullying in the digital age and its associated mental health problems in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 33(9), 2895-2909. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-022-02128-x
  19. Liu, X.-Q., & Wang, X. (2024). Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of social-emotional skills in school-based prevention programs. World Journal of Psychiatry, 14(4), 494–506. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.494
  20. Lubis, L. H., Febriani, B., Yana, R. F., Azhar, A., & Darajat, M. (2023). The Use of Learning Media and its Effect on Improving the Quality of Student Learning Outcomes. International Journal Of Education, Social Studies, And Management (IJESSM), 3(2), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v3i2.148
  21. Mahmoudi, M., & Keashly, L. (2021). Filling the space: a framework for coordinated global actions to diminish academic bullying. Angewandte Chemie, 133(7), 3378-3384. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202009270
  22. Silva, C., Santos, R., & Barbosa, R. (2018). Detection and prevention of bullying on online social networks: The combination of textual, visual and cognitive. In International Conference on Intelligent Technologies for Interactive Entertainment (pp. 95-104). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16447-8_10
  23. Maravelakis, P. (2019). The use of statistics in social sciences. Journal of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, 1(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHASS-08-2019-0038
  24. Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2017). Permen 23 Tahun 2017 Tentang Hari Sekolah. https://www.regulasip.id/themes/default/resources/js/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=/eBooks/2018/November/5be0fe167527d/Permen%2023%20Tahun%202017.pdf
  25. Mudiyanse, R. M., Rathnayaka, A., Jayasinghe, H. M. A. U., & Wimalasiri, A. (2025). Empathy Education in Schools as Primordial Prevention of Antisocial Behaviours. In Education and Pedagogical Experiences. Routledge India.
  26. Muthia, K. (2024). JPPI: 2024, Kekerasan di Lingkungan Pendidikan Melonjak Lebih dari 100 Persen. https://kbr.id/articles/indeks/jppi-2024-kekerasan-di-lingkungan-pendidikan-melonjak-lebih-dari-100-persen
  27. Navarro, J. L., & Tudge, J. R. (2023). Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: neo-ecological theory. Current Psychology, 42(22), 19338-19354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02738-3
  28. Nurhayati, D. A. W. (2025). Eksplorasi Pengalaman Korban Bullying: Narasi Pribadi dan Dampaknya terhadap Perkembangan Psikososial. Journal of Society Bridge, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.59012/jsb.v3i2.68
  29. O’Higgins Norman, J., Berger, C., Yoneyama, S., & Cross, D. (2022). School bullying: Moving beyond a single school response to a whole education approach. Pastoral Care in Education, 40(3), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2022.2095419
  30. Olweus, D. (2025). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. ResearchGate, 40(6), 699–700. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10114
  31. Putri, E. D. (2022). Kasus Bullying di Lingkungan Sekolah: Dampak Serta Penanganannya. Keguruan Online, 10(2), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.30743/kgr.v10i2.6263
  32. Putri, H. A., & Hibana. (2024). Menciptakan Lingkungan Belajar Aman dan Nyaman di Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Kiddo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 754–767. https://doi.org/10.19105/kiddo.v1i1.14536
  33. Raikhan. (2023). Pengembangan Kegiatan Kurikuler Sebagai Strategi Madrasah dalam Pencegahan dan Penanganan Bullying. Darajat: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 6(2), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.58518/darajat.v6i2.2047
  34. Rukayah, S., Sajdah, M., & Himawati, R. (2025). Strengthening Religious Moderation through Learning Media Innovation in High Schools. Journal of Islamic Studies and Educational Innovation, 1(2), 239–255. https://jurnalpasca.staiibnurusyd.ac.id/index.php/jisei/article/view/39
  35. Shah, M. A. (2022). Teachers as reflective practitioners: From individualism to Vygotskian social constructivism. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 68(3), 297-307. https://doi.org/10.11575/ajer.v68i3.68598
  36. Saputri, R. N., Jupisa, R., Rahayu, A., Prameswari, T. I., & Handoko, Y. (2025). Refleksi Siswa Terhadap Perjalanan Perkembangan Psikologis Dari Pralahir Hingga Dewasa Muda. Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia, 2(6), 12429–12437. https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jiic/article/view/3909
  37. Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), 376–385. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x
  38. Vila, S., Gilar-Corbí, R., & Pozo-Rico, T. (2021). Effects of Student Training in Social Skills and Emotional Intelligence on the Behaviour and Coexistence of Adolescents in the 21st Century. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5498. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105498
  39. Vygotsky, L. S. (2012). Thought and Language, revised and expanded edition. MIT Press.
  40. Wulandari, F., Nurbayah, S., Saidah, F., & Ulum, M. Z. (2025). Character Education Management Through Intracurricular, Co-curricular, and Extracurricular Activities in Schools. Jurnal Inovatif Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.38073/jimpi.v4i1.1958
  41. Yeo, L. S., Liem, G. A. D., & Tan, L. (2023). Participation in school-based co-curricular activities and developmental outcomes: A self-determination theory perspective. Current Psychology, 42(35), 31600–31618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-04189-2
  42. Yuliyanti, S., & Juliangkary, E. (2023). Bullying di Lingkungan Pendidikan: Analisis Filsafat Pendidikan Dari Multiperspektif. Jurnal Ilmiah IKIP Mataram, 10(2), 230–242. https://e-journal3.undikma.ac.id/index.php/jiim/article/view/10539

Copyright (c) 2025 Wardi Wardi, Hasbi Hasbi, Bustanul Iman RN

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Similar Articles

<< < 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Dimension Badge

Downloads

Downloads
Crossmark Badge
Crossmark Badge
Section
Articles
Keywords
Bullying Character Building Co-Curricular Model Islamic Education Senior High School