Bridging Cognitive Scaffolding and Fine Motor Skill Acquisition: Jigsaw Cooperative Learning in Badminton Backhand Short Serve

Hawa Pelu 1 Indonesia , Welhemina Unmehopa 1 Indonesia , Johanna Matitaputty 1 Indonesia
1 Department of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
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Published 2026-09-04
Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026) PAGES 204-213
DOI 10.51574/ijrer.v6i1.5200
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Acquiring fine motor skills in physical education poses a pedagogical challenge, as traditional teacher-centered instruction often fails to provide individual kinesthetic feedback, while peer-tutoring risks transmitting erroneous movement habits. This study evaluated the efficacy of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model integrated with a structured biomechanical scaffolding protocol to improve backhand short serve performance in badminton among tenth-grade vocational high school students (N = 21). Utilizing Kemmis and McTaggart’s Classroom Action Research (CAR) framework across two cycles, motor skill acquisition was measured via a validated 12-point psychomotor rubric (Aiken’s V = 0.88; inter-rater Cohen’s κ = 0.85). Quantitative analysis revealed significant progressive gains in psychomotor execution: baseline mean score was 57.62 ± 5.82 (10% mastery), increasing to 74.52 ± 4.20 (38% mastery) in Cycle I, and achieving 86.43 ± 3.82 (100% mastery) in Cycle II. Non-parametric repeated measures confirmed significant longitudinal performance gains (Friedman χ² (2) = 42.00, p < 0.001), with post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests demonstrating substantial improvement from baseline to Cycle II (Z = -4.021, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 5.86; average N-Gain = 0.68, moderate-to-high effect). Biomechanical task-card deconstruction and teacher quality control effectively facilitated kinetic feedback and reduced execution anxiety. Structured peer-dependence serves as a robust pedagogical bridge between cooperative cognition and motor skill mastery.

Pelu, H., Unmehopa, W., & Matitaputty, J. (2026). Bridging Cognitive Scaffolding and Fine Motor Skill Acquisition: Jigsaw Cooperative Learning in Badminton Backhand Short Serve . ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review , 6(1), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.51574/ijrer.v6i1.5200
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Keywords
Backhand Short Serve Badminton Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Motor Skill Acquisition Physical Education