The background of this study began with the low level of health literacy, which has an impact on patients' understanding of technical terms during medical consultations. With the rapid development of information technology, people now find it easier to access various health information through digital media but are also faced with challenges related to filtering accurate and reliable information. Health education is an important factor in guiding people to understand and implement a healthy lifestyle based on correct information. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role of health education in increasing public awareness of clinical communication in the digital era. In addition, it examines the phenomenon of patient confusion regarding medical terminology in clinical communication practices. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, researchers conducted in-depth interviews with eight patients aged 25–60 years, all of whom did not have a medical education background. The Wami Jaya Health Center in Nabire Regency conducted this study. Data were analyzed thematically. The results of the study showed that, although most people are used to accessing health information online, there are still gaps in understanding and implementing appropriate clinical communication. Therefore, health education programs that utilize digital technology, such as webinars, health applications, and interactive educational content, can be an effective solution to increase public awareness and knowledge about clinical communication. In addition, the research findings revealed four main patterns: lack of understanding of medical terms, passive communication behavior, linguistic gaps between doctors and patients, and ineffectiveness of written educational materials. This study concludes that the health literacy crisis is not just an individual problem but also a reflection of an unresponsive communication system.
Downloads
- Ahmed, S. K. (2024). The pillars of trustworthiness in qualitative research. Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health, 2, 100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100051
- Anisah, N., Sartika, M., & Kurniawan, H. (2021). Penggunaan media sosial Instagram dalam meningkatkan literasi kesehatan pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Peurawi: Media Kajian Komunikasi Islam, 4(2), 94-112. https://doi.org/10.22373/jp.v4i2.11080
- Anwar, R. K., Khadijah, U. L. S., & Rizal, E. (2023). Instagram and Digital Media Literacy among Teenagers in Bandung. Communicatus: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 7(2), 123-142. https://doi.org/10.15575/cjik.v7i2.23640
- Baumeister, A., Chakraverty, D., Aldin, A., Seven, Ü. S., Skoetz, N., Kalbe, E., & Woopen, C. (2021). “The system has to be health literate, too”-perspectives among healthcare professionals on health literacy in transcultural treatment settings. BMC Health Services Research, 21, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06614-x
- Boulos, M. N. K., Hetherington, L., & Wheeler, S. (2007). Second Life: an overview of the potential of 3‐D virtual worlds in medical and health education. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 24(4), 233-245. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2007.00733.x
- Brach, C., & Harris, L. M. (2021). Healthy people 2030 health literacy definition tells organizations: make information and services easy to find, understand, and use. Journal of general internal medicine, 36(4), 1084-1085. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06384-y
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
- Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
- Dąbrowska, J., Almpanopoulou, A., Brem, A., Chesbrough, H., Cucino, V., Di Minin, A., ... & Ritala, P. (2022). Digital transformation, for better or worse: a critical multi‐level research agenda. R&D Management, 52(5), 930-954. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12531
- de Vasconcelos, P. F., de Freitas, C. H. A., Jorge, M. S. B., de Carvalho, R. E. F., de Sousa Freire, V. E. C., de Araújo, M. F. M., ... & Oliveira, A. C. S. (2019). Safety attributes in primary care: understanding the needs of patients, health professionals, and managers. Public health, 171, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.021
- Durowaye, T. D., Rice, A. R., Konkle, A. T., & Phillips, K. P. (2022). Public health perinatal promotion during COVID-19 pandemic: a social media analysis. BMC public health, 22(1), 895. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13324-4
- Easton, P., Entwistle, V. A., & Williams, B. (2013). How the stigma of low literacy can impair patient-professional spoken interactions and affect health: insights from a qualitative investigation. BMC health services research, 13, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-319
- Ghahramani, A., de Courten, M., & Prokofieva, M. (2022). The potential of social media in health promotion beyond creating awareness: an integrative review. BMC public health, 22(1), 2402. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14885-0
- Hannawa, A. F., Wu, A. W., Kolyada, A., Potemkina, A., & Donaldson, L. J. (2022). The aspects of healthcare quality that are important to health professionals and patients: A qualitative study. Patient education and counseling, 105(6), 1561-1570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.10.016
- Hasibuan, A. R., Pasaribu, A. F., Alfiyah, S., Utami, J. N., & Harahap, N. R. Y. (2024). Peran Pendidikan Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Pola Hidup Sehat di Era Digital. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(001 Des), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.1515
- Li, C., Liu, M., Zhou, J., Zhang, M., Liu, H., Wu, Y., ... & Deng, T. (2022). Do health information sources influence health literacy among older adults: a cross-sectional study in the urban areas of western China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(20), 13106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013106
- Lin, A. (2013). Citizenship education in American schools and its role in developing civic engagement: a review of the research. Educational Review, 67(1), 35–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2013.813440
- Mazzi, M. A., Rimondini, M., Deveugele, M., Zimmermann, C., Moretti, F., Van Vliet, L., ... & Bensing, J. (2015). What do people appreciate in physicians' communication? An international study with focus groups using videotaped medical consultations. Health Expectations, 18(5), 1215-1226. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12097
- Melchior, C., & Oliveira, M. (2022). Health-related fake news on social media platforms: A systematic literature review. New Media & Society, 24(6), 1500-1522. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211038762
- Nutbeam, D. (2019). Health education and health promotion revisited. Health Education Journal, 78(6), 705-709. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896918770215
- Patel, V. L., Yoskowitz, N. A., Arocha, J. F., & Shortliffe, E. H. (2009). Cognitive and learning sciences in biomedical and health instructional design: A review with lessons for biomedical informatics education. Journal of biomedical informatics, 42(1), 176-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2008.12.002
- Paul, J., Ueno, A., Dennis, C., Alamanos, E., Curtis, L., Foroudi, P., ... & Wirtz, J. (2024). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary perspective and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 48(2), e13015. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.13015
- Pawlikowska, T., Zhang, W., Griffiths, F., Van Dalen, J., & van der Vleuten, C. (2012). Verbal and non-verbal behavior of doctors and patients in primary care consultations–How this relates to patient enablement. Patient education and counseling, 86(1), 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2011.04.019
- Petretto, D. R., Carrogu, G. P., Gaviano, L., Berti, R., Pinna, M., Petretto, A. D., & Pili, R. (2024). Telemedicine, e-health, and digital health equity: a scoping review. Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health: CP & EMH, 20, e17450179279732. https://doi.org/10.2174/0117450179279732231211110248
- Sahroni, S., Anshari, D., & Krianto, T. (2019). Social Determinants of the Level of Health Literacy in Hypertension Patients in the Public Health Center of the Cilegon City. Faletehan Health Journal, 6(3), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v6i3.94
- Sætra, H. S., & Fosch-Villaronga, E. (2021). Healthcare digitalisation and the changing nature of work and society. In Healthcare (Vol. 9, No. 8, p. 1007). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081007
- Seibert, R. G., Winter, M. R., Cabral, H. J., Wolf, M. S., Curtis, L. M., & Paasche-Orlow, M. K. (2019). Health literacy and income mediate racial/ethnic asthma disparities. HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice, 3(1), e9-e18. https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20181113-01
- Shan, R., Sarkar, S., & Martin, S. S. (2019). Digital health technology and mobile devices for the management of diabetes mellitus: state of the art. Diabetologia, 62(6), 877-887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-4864-7
- Sharma, M. (2021). Theoretical foundations of health education and health promotion. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- Sørensen, K. (2024). Fostering digital health literacy to enhance trust and improve health outcomes. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update, 5, 100140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpbup.2024.100140
- Sørensen, K., Pelikan, J. M., Röthlin, F., Ganahl, K., Slonska, Z., Doyle, G., ... & Brand, H. (2015). Health literacy in Europe: Comparative results of the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU). European Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 1053–1058. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv043
- Stellefson, M., Paige, S. R., Chaney, B. H., & Chaney, J. D. (2020). Evolving role of social media in health promotion: updated responsibilities for health education specialists. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), 1153. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041153
- Stoumpos, A. I., Kitsios, F., & Talias, M. A. (2023). Digital transformation in healthcare: technology acceptance and its applications. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(4), 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043407
- Taba, M., Allen, T. B., Caldwell, P. H., Skinner, S. R., Kang, M., McCaffery, K., & Scott, K. M. (2022). Adolescents’ self-efficacy and digital health literacy: a cross-sectional mixed methods study. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1223. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13599-7
- Taylan, C., & Weber, L. T. (2023). “Don’t let me be misunderstood”: communication with patients from a different cultural background. Pediatric Nephrology, 38(3), 643-649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-022-05573-7
- Tyagi, R., Vishwakarma, S., Rishi, M., & Rajiah, S. (2021). Reducing inequalities through education and skill development courses. In Reduced Inequalities (pp. 746-758). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95882-8_102
Copyright (c) 2025 Winda Woro Mahmudah, Ronggo Santoso

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Similar Articles
- Amiruddin Amiruddin, Nur Inayah, Syahrun Adzim, Andi Mayasari, Via Aulinnia, The Influence Sequence Picture on Indonesian ELT Learners Writing Skill , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): March
- Nurhafiza Muri, Muh. Hasbi, Purwanti Purwanti, Problem Based Learning Model with TaRL Approach on Reflection Material to Increase High School Students' Learning Motivation , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): June
- Temitope Oteyola, Kehinde Oluyemisi Akintitan , Cognitive Styles and Learning Strategies on Smart Learning Environment Effectiveness in Secondary School Mathematics Achievement , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): March
- Eko Setya Pratomo, Problem-Based Learning Model to Improve High School Students' Knowledge of Athletics Sports Material Learning Achievement , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): December
- Selviana Purnama Putri, Irfan Irfan, Muh. Saleh Husain, Web-Based Learning Media Wordwall in Fine Arts Learning to Increase Student Learning Motivation , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- Hamzah Alias, Sitti Mania, Muhammad Nur Akbar Rasyid, Evaluation of the Implementation of Religious Moderation with the CIPP Model: Moderate Character of High School Students , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): September
- Erna Kusumawati, Principal Leadership in Implementing Independent Learning to Increase Teacher Awareness , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): December
- Fitri Fitri, The Impact of Reading Interest and Learning Habits on Students' Achievement for Integrated Science Learning , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 1 No. 4 (2022): September
- M. Irfan Hasanuddin, The Effect of Shadow Fighting Training on Blocking Speed in Pencak Silat Athletes , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): March
- John Rey Osben Pelila, First, Second, Native, Foreign, Heritage, Dominant, and Mother Tongue: Clear or Confusing? , ETDC: Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review : Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): September
<< < 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.


















