Analisis Kebutuhan dalam Pembelajaran Membaca Kreatif Berbasis Multiliterasi di Sekolah Dasar: Perspektif Guru dan Siswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51574/judikdas.v5i3.5897Keywords:
Analisis Kebutuhan, Membaca Kreatif, Multiliterasi, Model Pembelajaran, Sekolah DasarAbstract
Pembelajaran membaca kreatif di sekolah dasar menuntut kemampuan memaknai dan menghasilkan karya baru dari bacaan, bukan sekadar pemahaman literal. Namun, praktik di lapangan masih reproduktif dan berpusat pada guru. Di sisi lain, penggalian kebutuhan dari sudut pandang guru dan siswa jarang dilakukan secara simultan pada penelitian analisis kebutuhan pembelajaran membaca kreatif sebelumnya, sehingga penelitian ini memberikan jawaban unutk hal tersebut dengan menghasilkan gambaran kesenjangan yang lebih utuh dan saling menguatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan guru dan siswa sekolah dasar dalam pembelajaran membaca kreatif berbasis multiliterasi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis kecenderungan, melibatkan 85 siswa dan 11 guru sekolah dasar sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket tertutup berjenjang setara (opsi a-d) dengan satu opsi jawaban terbuka, kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan persentase kecenderungan jawaban pada setiap aspek. Hasil penelitian mengungkap tiga temuan pokok, yaitu: kebiasaan membaca siswa yang masih reseptif dan bergantung pada penjelasan guru ketimbang penafsiran mandiri; kesenjangan antara tingginya keterlibatan imajinatif siswa saat membaca dan rendahnya kemampuan mereka menghasilkan karya baru, yang tercermin dari kecenderungan menyalin cerita apa adanya; serta kebutuhan guru terhadap strategi pembelajaran justru paling lemah pada tahap penciptaan karya, yang menandakan tahap tersebut belum menjadi perhatian eksplisit dalam praktik mengajar sehari-hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka adanya pengembangan model pembelajaran membaca kreatif berbasis multiliterasi yang dirancang secara bertahap, disertai penguatan kapasitas guru khususnya pada tahap penciptaan karya, diperlukan sebagai tindak lanjut empiris dari temuan analisis kebutuhan ini.
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