Lecturers’ Perception and Adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Tertiary Institutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51574/ijrer.v4i4.3883Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, AI Tools, Lecturers, Perception, Tertiary InstitutionAbstract
The study investigated lecturers’ perception and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in tertiary institutions in Ondo State. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. 150 participants were randomly selected from each of the schools sampled, resulting in a total of 450 participants across the three senatorial districts. A university was randomly selected in each of the three senatorial districts (Ondo South, Central, and North) in Ondo State. A self-developed questionnaire titled Lecturers’ Perception and Adoption of Artificial Intelligence Tools Questionnaire (LPAAITQ) was used to collect data for the study. Data collected were analyzed with the use of both descriptive and inferential statistical tools (Pearson Product Moment Correlation). The study revealed that lecturers’ perception of AI was positive. The study also revealed a very low level of AI adoption among lecturers. The study further revealed some of the challenges confronting lecturers in the effective adoption of AI tools in tertiary institutions in Ondo State. Such challenges include poor internet connectivity, poor funding, and lack of infrastructure to support AI usage in most of the tertiary institutions. The finding also revealed a significant relationship between the lecturer’s perception and adoption of AI. The study concluded by giving appropriate recommendations, which include increased funding, enhanced training programs for lecturers, and research initiatives to advance AI-driven instructional methodologies in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.
References
Ahmad, S. F., Alam, M. M., Rahmat, M. K., Mubarik, M. S., & Hyder, S. I. (2022). Academic and administrative role of artificial intelligence in education. Sustainability, 14(3), 1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031101
Aldoseri, A., Al-Khalifa, K. N., & Hamouda, A. M. (2024). AI-powered innovation in digital transformation: Key pillars and industry impact. Sustainability, 16(5), 1790. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16051790
Alkatheiri, M. S. (2022). Artificial intelligence assisted improved human-computer interactions for computer systems. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 101, 107950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.107950
Almuhanna, M. A. (2025). Teachers' perspectives of integrating AI-powered technologies in K-12 education for creating customized learning materials and resources. Education and Information Technologies, 30(8), 10343-10371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13257-y
Al-Mughairi, H., & Bhaskar, P. (2024). Exploring the factors affecting the adoption AI techniques in higher education: insights from teachers' perspectives on ChatGPT. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-09-2023-0129
Al-Nuaimi, M. N., & Al-Emran, M. (2021). Learning management systems and technology acceptance models: A systematic review. Education and information technologies, 26(5), 5499-5533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10513-3
Balogun, K., et al. (2023). Barriers to AI adoption in tertiary institutions: A Nigerian perspective. International Journal of Educational Research, 15(3), 112-130.
Bayaga, A. (2025). Leveraging AI-enhanced and emerging technologies for pedagogical innovations in higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 30(1), 1045-1072. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13122-y
Bello, A. S., & Adebayo, T. A. (2022). Challenges and prospects of artificial intelligence adoption in Nigerian higher education. Nigerian Journal of Educational Technology, 18(2), 112-127.
Bettahi, A., Beloudha, F. Z., & Harroud, H. (2025). Continuous-Time Modeling in Educational Data Mining and Learning Analytics: A Literature Review on Methods, Ethics, and Emerging AI Trends. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3622103
Choi, S., Jang, Y., & Kim, H. (2023). Influence of pedagogical beliefs and perceived trust on teachers’ acceptance of educational artificial intelligence tools. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 39(4), 910-922. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2049145
Ejeh, P. C., & Igbokwe, A. C. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Nigerian University Students. OCHENDO: An African Journal of Innovative Studies, 6(1). https://www.acjol.org/index.php/ochendo/article/view/6685
Essa, S. G., Celik, T., & Human-Hendricks, N. E. (2023). Personalized adaptive learning technologies based on machine learning techniques to identify learning styles: A systematic literature review. IEEE Access, 11, 48392-48409. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3276439
Eze, F., & Nwachukwu, I. (2023). Predictive Analytics in Educational Management: A Focus on Teacher and Student Performance. Nigerian Journal of Educational Studies, 11(3), 30–48
Festus, O., & Emmanuel, O. B. (2025). Sociocultural and digital communication challenges in AI adoption for classroom communication: Insights from Nigerian colleges of education. Language, Technology, and Social Media, 3(1), 30-45. https://doi.org/10.70211/ltsm.v3i1.115
George, B., & Wooden, O. (2023). Managing the strategic transformation of higher education through artificial intelligence. Administrative Sciences, 13(9), 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13090196
Gonzalez, C. (2024). Building human-like artificial agents: A general cognitive algorithm for emulating human decision-making in dynamic environments. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 19(5), 860-873. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231196766
Granić, A., & Marangunić, N. (2019). Technology acceptance model in educational context: A systematic literature review. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(5), 2572-2593. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12864
Ibrahim, A. W., Taura, A. A., Iliyasu, A., Shogbesan, Y. O., & Lukman, S. A. (2024). Artificial intelligence (AI): Perception and utilization of AI technologies in educational assessment in Nigerian universities. Edukasiana: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v3i3.763
Idika, D. O., Arikpo, E. B., Ekpo, E. E., Idika, C. I., & Okeke, S. U. (2025). Assessment Of Lecturers' Awareness And Utilization Of Ai Tools For Effective Teaching Of Research Methods In The University Of Calabar, Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 31(2), 323-341. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjpas/article/view/290428
Jin, Y., Yan, L., Echeverria, V., Gašević, D., & Martinez-Maldonado, R. (2025). Generative AI in higher education: A global perspective of institutional adoption policies and guidelines. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 8, 100348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100348
Kim, J., Lee, H., & Cho, Y. H. (2022). Learning design to support student-AI collaboration: Perspectives of leading teachers for AI in education. Education and information technologies, 27(5), 6069-6104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10831-6
Lin, C. C., Huang, A. Y., & Lu, O. H. (2023). Artificial intelligence in intelligent tutoring systems toward sustainable education: a systematic review. Smart learning environments, 10(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00260-y
Lu, Y. (2019). Artificial intelligence: a survey on evolution, models, applications and future trends. Journal of management analytics, 6(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/23270012.2019.1570365
Ma, S., & Lei, L. (2024). The factors influencing teacher education students’ willingness to adopt artificial intelligence technology for information-based teaching. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 44(1), 94-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2024.2305155
Nwankwo, E., & Ajayi, O. (2023The impact of perception on AI adoption among lecturers. Nigerian Journal of ICT in Education, 12(4), 56-70.
Nye, B. D. (2015). Intelligent tutoring systems by and for the developing world: A review of trends and approaches for educational technology in a global context. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 25(2), 177-203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-014-0028-6
Okafor, C., Adebayo, D., & Eze, E. (2022). Positive perception often leads to increased readiness to adopt new technologies. Journal of Technology Adoption in Education, 10(1), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.5678/jtae.2022.010
Olatunde-Aiyedun, T. G. (2024). Artificial intelligence (AI) in education: integration of AI into science education curriculum in Nigerian universities. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence for Digital, 1(1). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4733349
Oyeleke, R. O., Adeyemo, S. A., & Abiola, O. A. (2019). Institutional challenges to the adoption of AI in Nigerian higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 24(2), 881-894.
Pang, C. C., Zhao, Y., Yin, Z., Sun, J., Hadi Mogavi, R., & Hui, P. (2025). Artificial human lecturers: Initial findings from Asia’s first AI lecturers in class to promote innovation in education. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 105-124). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93567-1_8
Papakostas, C., Troussas, C., Krouska, A., & Sgouropoulou, C. (2023). Exploring users’ behavioral intention to adopt mobile augmented reality in education through an extended technology acceptance model. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 39(6), 1294-1302. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2062551
Pillai, R., Sivathanu, B., Metri, B., & Kaushik, N. (2024). Students' adoption of AI-based teacher-bots (T-bots) for learning in higher education. Information Technology & People, 37(1), 328-355. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-02-2021-0152
Romero, C., & Ventura, S. (2010). Educational data mining: a review of the state of the art. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (applications and reviews), 40(6), 601-618. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCC.2010.2053532
Ruano-Borbalan, J. C. (2025). The transformative impact of artificial intelligence on higher education: A critical reflection on current trends and futures directions. International Journal of Chinese Education, 14(1), 2212585X251319364. https://doi.org/10.1177/2212585X251319364
Sanders, D. A., & Mukhari, S. S. (2024). Lecturers’ perceptions of the influence of AI on a blended learning approach in a South African higher education institution. Discover Education, 3(1), 135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00235-2
Secundo, G., Spilotro, C., Gast, J., & Corvello, V. (2025). The transformative power of artificial intelligence within innovation ecosystems: a review and a conceptual framework. Review of Managerial Science, 19(9), 2697-2728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-024-00828-z
Shandilya, S. K., Datta, A., Kartik, Y., & Nagar, A. (2024). Role of artificial intelligence and machine learning. In Digital Resilience: Navigating Disruption and Safeguarding Data Privacy (pp. 313-399). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53290-0_6
Strielkowski, W., Grebennikova, V., Lisovskiy, A., Rakhimova, G., & Vasileva, T. (2025). AI‐driven adaptive learning for sustainable educational transformation. Sustainable Development, 33(2), 1921-1947. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3221
Sun, Y., Yang, H., Yu, H. K., & Suen, R. (2025). Boon or Bane? Evaluating AI-driven learning assistance in higher education professional coursework. Education and Information Technologies, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13642-1
Verma, A., & Singhal, N. (2023). Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Adaptive Decision-Making in Complex System. In International Conference on Advances in Data-driven Computing and Intelligent Systems (pp. 95-105). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9521-9_8
Yusuf, A., & Adebayo, B. (2022). Factors such as institutional policies, funding, and technical expertise limit widespread adoption of AI among lecturers. African Journal of Higher Education Research, 12(4), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.2345/ajher.2022.004
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International journal of educational technology in higher education, 16(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Zhai, X., Chu, X., Chai, C. S., Jong, M. S. Y., Istenic, A., Spector, M., ... & Li, Y. (2021). A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020. Complexity, 2021(1), 8812542. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812542
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Abidoye James Alabi, Ayodele H. Oyekola, Olumide Olubukola Joyce

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.








1.png)












