Peran Artificial Intelligence dalam Peningkatan Mutu Administrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan: Tinjauan Literatur terhadap Efisiensi dan Pengambilan Keputusan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51574/illea.v2i2.5903Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Administrasi Kesehatan, Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan, Scoping Review, Decision Support SystemAbstract
Transformasi digital dalam pelayanan kesehatan mendorong peningkatan kebutuhan terhadap sistem administrasi yang efisien, akurat, dan mampu mendukung pengambilan keputusan berbasis data. Artificial Intelligence (AI) menjadi salah satu teknologi yang berkembang dalam administrasi pelayanan kesehatan melalui kemampuan melakukan otomatisasi tugas rutin, pengolahan data dalam jumlah besar, optimalisasi sumber daya, serta penyediaan informasi prediktif untuk mendukung keputusan manajerial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan peran Artificial Intelligence dalam peningkatan mutu administrasi pelayanan kesehatan berdasarkan bukti ilmiah terkini, khususnya pada aspek efisiensi operasional dan pengambilan keputusan. Metode yang digunakan adalah scoping review dengan mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Literatur diperoleh melalui penelusuran berbagai basis data ilmiah dengan fokus pada penerapan AI dalam administrasi kesehatan, sistem informasi kesehatan, optimalisasi workflow, alokasi sumber daya, dan sistem pendukung keputusan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa AI memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan efisiensi administrasi melalui otomatisasi dokumentasi, pengelolaan rekam kesehatan elektronik, penjadwalan pelayanan, manajemen alur pasien, serta proses administratif seperti billing dan claims processing. Selain itu, AI mendukung pengambilan keputusan melalui predictive analytics untuk perencanaan kapasitas, pengelolaan tenaga kerja, dan optimalisasi sumber daya pelayanan. Namun, implementasi AI masih menghadapi tantangan terkait kualitas data, interoperabilitas sistem, privasi, bias algoritma, regulasi, dan kebutuhan tata kelola yang berorientasi pada manusia. Kesimpulannya, Artificial Intelligence memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan mutu administrasi pelayanan kesehatan, tetapi keberhasilan implementasinya memerlukan integrasi teknologi, kesiapan organisasi, dan pendekatan human-centered governance.
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