Multidimensional Mapping to Assess Phytochemical Diversity, Strength of Bioactivity Evidence, and Determinants of Variation in Mangrove Plants through a Mini Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51574/hayyan.v3i2.5303Keywords:
phytochemicals, mangrove plants, biological activity, multidimensional mapping, mini liretature reviewAbstract
This study aims to map phytochemical diversity, biological activity, strength of evidence, and factors that affect the variation in metabolite profiles in mangrove plants. The study used a mini literature review design with a multidimensional mapping approach to publications that discuss mangrove species, plant parts, extraction methods, compound identification techniques, and bioactivity testing. Data were collected through literature search, selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, structured data extraction, article quality assessment, and descriptive and narrative synthesis. The results showed that mangrove plants contain a diverse range of compounds, especially phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, triterpenoids, limonoids, quinones, and fatty acids. The most commonly reported biological activities were antioxidants and antimicrobials, followed by anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, analgesic, and neuroprotective activities. The phytochemical and bioactivity profiles are influenced by species, plant parts, tissue age, location, environmental conditions, solvent type, extraction techniques, purification, and analysis methods. Most of the evidence still comes from crude extracts and in vitro testing, while toxicity, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and clinical validation is still limited. This study concludes that mangroves have great potential as a source of bioactive compounds, but their utilization requires standardization of methods, tiered validation, and sustainable resource management.
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