Inovasi Desain Kegiatan Laboratorium: Analisis dan Rekonstruksi Percobaan Ingenhousz untuk Pembelajaran Fotosintesis yang Bermakna di SMA
https://doi.org/10.51574/jrip.v5i2.3342
Keywords:
Fotosintesis, LKPD, Percobaan Ingenhousz, Diagram Vee, TerariumAbstract
Fotosintesis merupakan proses fundamental dalam ekosistem yang menjadi basis kehidupan di bumi, sehingga penguasaan konsep ini beserta keterampilan berpikir ilmiah peserta didik sangat penting dalam pendidikan biologi. Namun, pembelajaran fotosintesis di sekolah masih kerap mengandalkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang bersifat verifikatif dan kurang mendorong eksplorasi, integrasi teori–praktik, serta refleksi ilmiah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan merekonstruksi LKPD praktikum Ingenhousz menggunakan model ANCOR (Analisis, Uji Coba, Rekonstruksi) untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran yang lebih kontekstual, bermakna, dan berbasis proses sains. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan purposive sampling terhadap LKPD dari sumber resmi Kemendikbud, diikuti uji coba laboratorium dan evaluasi berbasis Diagram Vee. Analisis awal menunjukkan LKPD berada pada kategori “kurang baik” (55%) dengan kelemahan pada keselarasan teori–fenomena, kejelasan prosedur, kelengkapan alat–bahan, dan minimnya transformasi data. Rekonstruksi dilakukan melalui penambahan komponen investigatif, penggunaan terarium sebagai miniatur ekosistem dengan representasi tumbuhan C3, C4, dan CAM, pengukuran variabel abiotik, serta penyediaan format transformasi data dan pertanyaan reflektif. Hasil rekonstruksi menunjukkan peningkatan kejelasan prosedur, keterpaduan teori–praktik, dan potensi pembelajaran bermakna, serta penguatan keterampilan berpikir ilmiah. Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya desain LKPD yang mengintegrasikan konteks ekosistem, eksplorasi variabel lingkungan, dan pendekatan konstruktivistik untuk membangun literasi sains yang relevan dengan isu global seperti perubahan iklim.
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